Arboreal and Terrestrial, Vocalizing ,Foraging, Exploratory, Vertical Movement, Grooming, Playing
For females, the hierarchy is stable, clear dominant submissive relationships. Ranking depends on mothers. Offspring takes the rank as her mother once mother passes. This is the ascendancy rule. Immature males develop rank as their mother, but once mothers separate, dominance is based off aggression and social skills.
Pacing, Back Flipping, Rocking, Self-Biting/Injury, Head Banging, Hair Plucking, Feces Painting
Allogrooming, Exploratory, Huddling, Food Sharing
Marmosets’ social status is linked to breeding status. The breeding pair is codominant. For nonbreeding individuals, the hierarchy, dominant submissive relationship is aged based.
Scent marking, Scratching, Agitated locomotion`
Vocal ,Foraging, Exploratory, Vertical Movement, Grooming
Baboons live in troops ranging from 15 to 150 individuals. Females stay with natal group for their entire lives. Males will separate to mate. Ranking is passed down from mothers to daughters.
Aggression, Pacing, Circling, Feces Smearing
Enrichment items that promote foraging, manipulating objections, creative play, exploration and gnawing such as PVC feeders, edible treats such as whole corn, and water enrichment work best to exhibit their natural behaviors.
Featured studies related to refinement, enrichment, handling, behavior management, and training techniques.